|
Public value describes the value that an organization contributes to society. The term was originally coined by Harvard professor Mark H. Moore who saw it as the equivalent of shareholder value in public management. Public value is supposed to provide managers with a notion of how entrepreneurial activity can contribute to the common good. Nowadays, public value is no longer limited to the public sector, but is used by all types of organization, including non-governmental organizations and private sector firms. Therefore, the public value researcher Timo Meynhardt from the University of St. Gallen and Lüneburg University uses the term to generally raise the question about organizations' contribution to the common good. He believes that current management concepts, such as shareholder value, stakeholder value, customer value, sustainability or corporate social responsibility, should legitimize themselves in regard to their impact on the common good.〔Meynhardt, T. (2009). Public Value: Organisationen machen Gesellschaft. In: ''OrganisationsEntwicklung''. Zeitschrift für Unternehmensentwicklung und Change Management 2013, Nr. 4, S. 4-7.〕 In his (social-)psychological-based concept, public value emerges for individuals from the experiences made in social structures and relationships. Hence, it can be seen as a prerequisite and a resource for successful living.〔Meynhardt, T. (2009). Public Value Inside: What is Public Value Creation? ''International Journal of Public Administration'', 32 (3-4), 192-219.〕 ==Definitions== ''Public values are those providing normative consensus about (1) the rights, benefits, and prerogatives to which citizens should (and should not) be entitled; (2) the obligations of citizens to society, the state and one another; and (3) the principles on which governments and policies should be based.'' Bozeman, 2007〔Bozeman, B. (2007). ''Public Values and Public Interest: Counterbalancing Economic Individualism.'' Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press.〕 ''Public value is value for the public. Value for the public is a result of evaluations about how basic needs of individuals, groups and the society as a whole are influenced in relationships involving the public. Public value then is also value from the public, i.e., “drawn” from the experience of the public. The public is an indispensable operational fiction of society. Any impact on shared experience about the quality of the relationship between the individual and society can be described as public value creation. Public value creation is situated in relationships between the individual and society, founded in individuals, constituted by subjective evaluations against basic needs, activated by and realized in emotional-motivational states, and produced and reproduced in experience-intense practices.'' Meynhardt, 2009〔Meynhardt, T. (2009). Public Value Inside: What is Public Value Creation? ''International Journal of Public Administration'', 32 (3-4), 192–219.〕 ''The definition that remains equates managerial success in the public sector with initiating and reshaping public sector enterprises in ways that increase their value to the public in both the short and the long run.'' Moore, 1995〔Moore, M. (1995). Creating Public Value - Strategic Management in Government. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.〕 ''Public Value then is the combined view of the public about what they regard as valuable.'' Talbot, 2006〔Talbot, C. (2006). ''Paradoxes and prospects of 'Public Value''. Paper presented at Tenth International research Symposium on Public Management, Glasgow〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「public value」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|